A new bill in Michigan could change the way veterinary care is delivered, sparking a conversation about the balance between innovation and traditional practices in animal healthcare. House Bill 4980, introduced by Rep. Laurie Pohutsky (D-Livonia), proposes expanding veterinary telemedicine by removing the requirement for pets to have an in-person examination before accessing virtual care.

Currently, veterinarians in Michigan can provide telemedicine services, but only if the pet has had an initial in-person visit. The bill, which advanced out of the House Agriculture Committee with a 10-3 vote, aims to eliminate that restriction. If passed, veterinarians would have the discretion to determine whether a condition requires in-person care, with telemedicine reserved for non-emergency situations.

Supporters of the bill argue it would expand access to care, particularly for pet owners in rural areas, those with mobility challenges, and animals that experience stress during clinic visits. “House Bill 4980 would increase access to veterinary medicine for pets who otherwise might not be able to receive it,” Pohutsky said, citing examples of how telemedicine has helped her own pet, a 14-year-old cat with chronic respiratory issues.

Dr. Courtney White, vice president of veterinary medicine at the Humane Society of Huron Valley, also voiced support, highlighting the potential benefits for shelters and underserved communities. “It’s about improving efficiency and ensuring timely veterinary care,” White said during testimony.

However, the bill has drawn criticism from some veterinary organizations. The Michigan Veterinary Medical Association (MVMA) and the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) have expressed concerns about the potential for misdiagnosis without an initial in-person exam. “A physical examination is critical to accurately diagnose and treat animals,” said Dr. Robert Fisher, chair of MVMA’s legislative advisory committee, adding that virtual consultations could lead to communication issues between pet owners and veterinarians.

The bill also includes limits on prescriptions provided through telemedicine. Under the proposal, veterinarians could prescribe up to a 14-day supply of medication after a virtual exam, with one additional refill allowed before requiring an in-person visit.

Livestock and animals intended for the food supply are excluded from the bill, which focuses solely on companion animals.

As lawmakers consider the proposal, the debate raises important questions about the role of technology in veterinary medicine and the need to balance access to care with diagnostic precision. The outcome could have far-reaching implications for Michigan’s pet owners, veterinarians, and animal shelters.